The compressor is the engine of the fridge freezer system. It pumps the gases around the system and creates a pressure difference which is needed for the refrigeration cycle to occur.
It is the large black object at the rear of the fridge/freezer unit with copper pipes coming out of it.
The compressor pumps gas around the system; it has a pump inside itself. The thermostat cycles the compressor on and off to control the temperature inside the fridge cavity. The compressor forces refrigerant into the high side pressure of the system which is then forced through the capillary tube and into the evaporator where the cooling effect takes place, and the low-pressure refrigerant is returned to the inlet side of the compressor to begin the process again.
Compressors are moving parts that are internally lubricated, but wear and tear is inevitable over the years. These units fail mechanically or electrically. Main failures include insulation breakdown causing electricity to trip, or internal seals wearing out. They can also seize solid.
It could be a control issue, so ensure you check the thermostat is signaling the compressor to turn on. Is the relay working? Then test the compressors—see our post on testing here.
Electrical failure will result in the unit not cooling at all, or it may trip the electrics due to insulation failure. You might hear a clicking or buzzing noise from the rear. See our post on testing these here and fault find safely.
Seals can fail on the pistons inside the compressor, preventing the necessary pressure from being maintained. This causes either a gradual decline in cooling or instant failure. Seizure will result in instant cooling failure.
Replacing the compressor is not a DIY job; it requires recovery of gases and brazing of pipework. While push-fit systems exist, they are often less reliable.
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